What is the value of the variable Z after executing the following statements: int X = 0, Y = 3, Z = 4; Z = ++X + Y; Z += Y--;

To determine the value of the variable Z after executing the given statements, let's break down the operations step by step:

1. Initialization: We start with int X = 0, Y = 3, Z = 4;. At this point:
   • X = 0

• Y = 3
• Z = 4

2. First Operation: The statement Z = ++X + Y; is executed next. The ++X operation increments X by 1 before it is used in the expression. Thus:

   • ++X changes X from 0 to 1, so now X = 1.
   • The expression evaluates to 1 + Y, which means 1 + 3 = 4.
   • Therefore, Z is assigned the value of 4, so after this operation:
     • Z = 4

3. Second Operation: Now we execute Z += Y--;. The Y-- operation uses the current value of Y (which is 3) in the expression, and then decrements Y by 1 after the expression is evaluated. Therefore:

   • Z += Y-- becomes